Module:Citation/CS1/COinS: Difference between revisions

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local coins = {};
--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D  D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------
--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D  D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------
]]
]]


local is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link; -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup; -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities


local cfg; -- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
local cfg; -- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
--[[--------------------------< S T R I P _ A P O S T R O P H E _ M A R K U P >--------------------------------
Strip wiki italic and bold markup from argument so that it doesn't contaminate COinS metadata.
This function strips common patterns of apostrophe markup.  We presume that editors who have taken the time to
markup a title have, as a result, provided valid markup. When they don't, some single apostrophes are left behind.
]]
local function strip_apostrophe_markup (argument)
if not is_set (argument) then return argument; end
if argument:find ( "''", 1, true ) == nil then -- Is there at least one double apostrophe?  If not, exit.
return argument;
end
while true do
if argument:find ( "'''''", 1, true ) then -- bold italic (5)
argument=argument:gsub("%'%'%'%'%'", ""); -- remove all instances of it
elseif argument:find ( "''''", 1, true ) then -- italic start and end without content (4)
argument=argument:gsub("%'%'%'%'", "");
elseif argument:find ( "'''", 1, true ) then -- bold (3)
argument=argument:gsub("%'%'%'", "");
elseif argument:find ( "''", 1, true ) then -- italic (2)
argument=argument:gsub("%'%'", "");
else
break;
end
end
return argument; -- done
end




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local function make_coins_title (title, script)
local function make_coins_title (title, script)
title = has_accept_as_written (title);
if is_set (title) then
if is_set (title) then
title = strip_apostrophe_markup (title); -- strip any apostrophe markup
title = strip_apostrophe_markup (title); -- strip any apostrophe markup
else
else
title=''; -- if not set, make sure title is an empty string
title = ''; -- if not set, make sure title is an empty string
end
end
if is_set (script) then
if is_set (script) then
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script = strip_apostrophe_markup (script); -- strip any apostrophe markup
script = strip_apostrophe_markup (script); -- strip any apostrophe markup
else
else
script=''; -- if not set, make sure script is an empty string
script = ''; -- if not set, make sure script is an empty string
end
end
if is_set (title) and is_set (script) then
if is_set (title) and is_set (script) then
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--[[--------------------------< E S C A P E _ L U A _ M A G I C _ C H A R S >----------------------------------
--[[--------------------------< E S C A P E _ L U A _ M A G I C _ C H A R S >----------------------------------


Returns a string where all of lua's magic characters have been escaped.  This is important because functions like
Returns a string where all of Lua's magic characters have been escaped.  This is important because functions like
string.gsub() treat their pattern and replace strings as patterns, not literal strings.
string.gsub() treat their pattern and replace strings as patterns, not literal strings.
]]
]]
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local function escape_lua_magic_chars (argument)
local function escape_lua_magic_chars (argument)
argument = argument:gsub("%%", "%%%%"); -- replace % with %%
argument = argument:gsub("%%", "%%%%"); -- replace % with %%
argument = argument:gsub("([%^%$%(%)%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])", "%%%1"); -- replace all other lua magic pattern characters
argument = argument:gsub("([%^%$%(%)%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])", "%%%1"); -- replace all other Lua magic pattern characters
return argument;
return argument;
end
end
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while true do
while true do
pattern = pages:match("%[(%w*:?//[^ ]+%s+)[%w%d].*%]"); -- pattern is the opening bracket, the url and following space(s): "[url "
pattern = pages:match("%[(%w*:?//[^ ]+%s+)[%w%d].*%]"); -- pattern is the opening bracket, the URL and following space(s): "[url "
if nil == pattern then break; end -- no more urls
if nil == pattern then break; end -- no more URLs
pattern = escape_lua_magic_chars (pattern); -- pattern is not a literal string; escape lua's magic pattern characters
pattern = escape_lua_magic_chars (pattern); -- pattern is not a literal string; escape Lua's magic pattern characters
pages = pages:gsub(pattern, ""); -- remove as many instances of pattern as possible
pages = pages:gsub(pattern, ""); -- remove as many instances of pattern as possible
end
end
pages = pages:gsub("[%[%]]", ""); -- remove the brackets
pages = pages:gsub("[%[%]]", ""); -- remove the brackets
pages = pages:gsub("–", "-" ); -- replace endashes with hyphens
pages = pages:gsub("–", "-" ); -- replace endashes with hyphens
pages = pages:gsub("&%w+;", "-" ); -- and replace html entities (&ndash; etc.) with hyphens; do we need to replace numerical entities like &#32; and the like?
pages = pages:gsub("&%w+;", "-" ); -- and replace HTML entities (&ndash; etc.) with hyphens; do we need to replace numerical entities like &#32; and the like?
return pages;
return pages;
end
end
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MathML with SVG or PNG fallback
MathML with SVG or PNG fallback


All three are heavy with html and css which doesn't belong in the metadata.
All three are heavy with HTML and CSS which doesn't belong in the metadata.


Without this function, the metadata saved in the raw wikitext contained the rendering determined by the settings
Without this function, the metadata saved in the raw wikitext contained the rendering determined by the settings
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This function gets the rendered form of an equation according to the editor's preference before the page is saved.  It
This function gets the rendered form of an equation according to the editor's preference before the page is saved.  It
then searches the rendering for the text equivalent of the rendered equation and replaces the rendering with that so
then searches the rendering for the text equivalent of the rendered equation and replaces the rendering with that so
that the page is saved without extraneous html/css markup and with a reasonably readable text form of the equation.
that the page is saved without extraneous HTML/CSS markup and with a reasonably readable text form of the equation.


When a replacement is made, this function returns true and the value with replacement; otherwise false and the intital
When a replacement is made, this function returns true and the value with replacement; otherwise false and the initial
value.  To replace multipe equations it is necesary to call this function from within a loop.
value.  To replace multipe equations it is necessary to call this function from within a loop.


]=]
]=]
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--[[--------------------------< C O I N S _ C L E A N U P >----------------------------------------------------
--[[--------------------------< C O I N S _ C L E A N U P >----------------------------------------------------


Cleanup parameter values for the metadata by removing or replacing invisible characters and certain html entities.
Cleanup parameter values for the metadata by removing or replacing invisible characters and certain HTML entities.


2015-12-10: there is a bug in mw.text.unstripNoWiki ().  It replaces math stripmarkers with the appropriate content
2015-12-10: there is a bug in mw.text.unstripNoWiki ().  It replaces math stripmarkers with the appropriate content
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end
end


value = value:gsub (cfg.stripmarkers['math'], "MATH RENDER ERROR"); -- one or more couldn't be replaced; insert vague error message
value = value:gsub (cfg.stripmarkers['math'], "MATH RENDER ERROR"); -- one or more couldn't be replaced; insert vague error message
value = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (value); -- replace nowiki stripmarkers with their content
value = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (value); -- replace nowiki stripmarkers with their content
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value = value:gsub ('&nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &nbsp; entity with plain space
value = value:gsub ('&nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &nbsp; entity with plain space
value = value:gsub ('\226\128\138', ' '); -- replace hair space with plain space
value = value:gsub ('\226\128\138', ' '); -- replace hair space with plain space
value = value:gsub ('&zwj;', ''); -- remove &zwj; entities
if not mw.ustring.find (value, cfg.indic_script) then -- don't remove zero-width joiner characters from indic script
value = value:gsub ('[\226\128\141\226\128\139\194\173]', '') -- remove zero-width joiner, zero-width space, soft hyphen
value = value:gsub ('&zwj;', ''); -- remove &zwj; entities
value = value:gsub ('[\009\010\013]', ' '); -- replace horizontal tab, line feed, carriage return with plain space
value = mw.ustring.gsub (value, '[\226\128\141\226\128\139\194\173]', ''); -- remove zero-width joiner, zero-width space, soft hyphen
end
value = value:gsub ('[\009\010\013 ]+', ' '); -- replace horizontal tab, line feed, carriage return with plain space
return value;
return value;
end
end
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});
});
if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'journal', 'news'}) or (in_array (class, {'conference', 'interview', 'map', 'press release', 'web'}) and is_set(data.Periodical)) or  
if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn', 'journal', 'news', 'magazine'}) or
(in_array (class, {'conference', 'interview', 'map', 'press release', 'web'}) and is_set(data.Periodical)) or
('citation' == class and is_set(data.Periodical) and not is_set (data.Encyclopedia)) then
('citation' == class and is_set(data.Periodical) and not is_set (data.Encyclopedia)) then
OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal"; -- journal metadata identifier
OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal"; -- journal metadata identifier
if 'arxiv' == class then -- set genre according to the type of citation template we are rendering
if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) then -- set genre according to the type of citation template we are rendering
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "preprint"; -- cite arxiv
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "preprint"; -- cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite ssrn
elseif 'conference' == class then
elseif 'conference' == class then
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "conference"; -- cite conference (when Periodical set)
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "conference"; -- cite conference (when Periodical set)
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-- these used only for periodicals
-- these used only for periodicals
OCinSoutput["rft.ssn"] = data.Season; -- keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall
OCinSoutput["rft.ssn"] = data.Season; -- keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall
OCinSoutput["rft.quarter"] = data.Quarter; -- single digits 1->first quarter, etc.
OCinSoutput["rft.chron"] = data.Chron; -- free-form date components
OCinSoutput["rft.chron"] = data.Chron; -- free-form date components
OCinSoutput["rft.volume"] = data.Volume; -- does not apply to books
OCinSoutput["rft.volume"] = data.Volume; -- does not apply to books
OCinSoutput["rft.issue"] = data.Issue;
OCinSoutput["rft.issue"] = data.Issue;
OCinSoutput['rft.artnum'] = data.ArticleNumber; -- {{cite journal}} only
OCinSoutput["rft.pages"] = data.Pages; -- also used in book metadata
OCinSoutput["rft.pages"] = data.Pages; -- also used in book metadata


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end
end
end
end
else --{'audio-visual', 'AV-media-notes', 'DVD-notes', 'episode', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'press release', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech', 'web'}
else -- {'audio-visual', 'AV-media-notes', 'DVD-notes', 'episode', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'press release', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech', 'web'}
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "unknown";
OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "unknown";
end
end
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OCinSoutput['rft.inst'] = data.PublisherName; -- book and dissertation
OCinSoutput['rft.inst'] = data.PublisherName; -- book and dissertation
end
end
-- NB. Not currently supported are "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:patent", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dc", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:sch_svc", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx"
-- and now common parameters (as much as possible)
-- and now common parameters (as much as possible)
OCinSoutput["rft.date"] = data.Date; -- book, journal, dissertation
OCinSoutput["rft.date"] = data.Date; -- book, journal, dissertation
 
for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do -- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do -- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
-- if k == 'ISBN' then v = clean_isbn( v ) end
if k == 'ISBN' then v = v:gsub( "[^-0-9X]", "" ); end
if k == 'ISBN' then v = v:gsub( "[^-0-9X]", "" ); end
local id = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
local id = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
if string.sub( id or "", 1, 4 ) == 'info' then -- for ids that are in the info:registry
if string.sub( id or "", 1, 4 ) == 'info' then -- for ids that are in the info:registry
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ id, "/", v };
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ id, "/", v };
elseif string.sub (id or "", 1, 3 ) == 'rft' then -- for isbn, issn, eissn, etc that have defined COinS keywords
elseif string.sub (id or "", 1, 3 ) == 'rft' then -- for isbn, issn, eissn, etc. that have defined COinS keywords
OCinSoutput[ id ] = v;
OCinSoutput[ id ] = v;
elseif id then -- when cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS is not nil
elseif 'url' == id then -- for urls that are assembled in ~/Identifiers; |asin= and |ol=
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ cfg.id_handlers[k].prefix, v }; -- others; provide a url
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat ({data.ID_list[k], "#id-name=", cfg.id_handlers[k].label});
elseif id then -- when cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS is not nil so urls created here
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ cfg.id_handlers[k].prefix, v, cfg.id_handlers[k].suffix or '', "#id-name=", cfg.id_handlers[k].label }; -- others; provide a URL and indicate identifier name as #fragment (human-readable, but transparent to browsers)
end
end
end
end


--[[
for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do -- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
local id, value = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
if k == 'ISBN' then value = clean_isbn( v ); else value = v; end
if string.sub( id or "", 1, 4 ) == 'info' then
OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ id, "/", v };
else
OCinSoutput[ id ] = value;
end
end
]]
local last, first;
local last, first;
for k, v in ipairs( data.Authors ) do
for k, v in ipairs( data.Authors ) do
last, first = coins_cleanup (v.last), coins_cleanup (v.first or ''); -- replace any nowiki strip markers, non-printing or invisible characers
last, first = coins_cleanup (v.last), coins_cleanup (v.first or ''); -- replace any nowiki stripmarkers, non-printing or invisible characters
if k == 1 then -- for the first author name only
if k == 1 then -- for the first author name only
if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then -- set these COinS values if |first= and |last= specify the first author name
if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then -- set these COinS values if |first= and |last= specify the first author name
OCinSoutput["rft.aulast"] = last; -- book, journal, dissertation
OCinSoutput["rft.aulast"] = last; -- book, journal, dissertation
OCinSoutput["rft.aufirst"] = first; -- book, journal, dissertation
OCinSoutput["rft.aufirst"] = first; -- book, journal, dissertation
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OCinSoutput["rft.au"] = last; -- book, journal, dissertation
OCinSoutput["rft.au"] = last; -- book, journal, dissertation
end
end
-- TODO: At present we do not report "et al.". Add anything special if this condition applies?
end
end
end
end
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OCinSoutput.rft_id = data.URL;
OCinSoutput.rft_id = data.URL;
OCinSoutput.rfr_id = table.concat{ "info:sid/", mw.site.server:match( "[^/]*$" ), ":", data.RawPage };
OCinSoutput.rfr_id = table.concat{ "info:sid/", mw.site.server:match( "[^/]*$" ), ":", data.RawPage };
-- TODO: Add optional extra info:
-- rfr_dat=#REVISION<version> (referrer private data)
-- ctx_id=<data.RawPage>#<ref> (identifier for the context object)
-- ctx_tim=<ts> (timestamp in format yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssTZD or yyyy-mm-dd)
-- ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8 (character encoding)
OCinSoutput = setmetatable( OCinSoutput, nil );
OCinSoutput = setmetatable( OCinSoutput, nil );
 
-- sort with version string always first, and combine.
-- sort with version string always first, and combine.
table.sort( OCinSoutput );
-- table.sort( OCinSoutput );
table.insert( OCinSoutput, 1, "ctx_ver=" .. ctx_ver ); -- such as "Z39.88-2004"
table.insert( OCinSoutput, 1, "ctx_ver=" .. ctx_ver ); -- such as "Z39.88-2004"
return table.concat(OCinSoutput, "&");
return table.concat(OCinSoutput, "&");
end
end
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cfg = cfg_table_ptr;
cfg = cfg_table_ptr;


is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set; -- import functions from select Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
has_accept_as_written = utilities_page_ptr.has_accept_as_written; -- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;
in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
remove_wiki_link = utilities_page_ptr.remove_wiki_link;
remove_wiki_link = utilities_page_ptr.remove_wiki_link;
strip_apostrophe_markup = utilities_page_ptr.strip_apostrophe_markup;
end
end




--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D  F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------
]]


return {
return {

Revision as of 14:43, 14 January 2023

Documentation for this module may be created at Module:Citation/CS1/COinS/doc

--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------
]]

local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup;	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------< M A K E _ C O I N S _ T I T L E >----------------------------------------------

Makes a title for COinS from Title and / or ScriptTitle (or any other name-script pairs)

Apostrophe markup (bold, italics) is stripped from each value so that the COinS metadata isn't corrupted with strings
of %27%27...

]]

local function make_coins_title (title, script)
	title = has_accept_as_written (title);
	if is_set (title) then
		title = strip_apostrophe_markup (title);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		title = '';																-- if not set, make sure title is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (script) then
		script = script:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', '');								-- remove language prefix if present (script value may now be empty string)
		script = strip_apostrophe_markup (script);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		script = '';															-- if not set, make sure script is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (title) and is_set (script) then
		script = ' ' .. script;													-- add a space before we concatenate
	end
	return title .. script;														-- return the concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------< E S C A P E _ L U A _ M A G I C _ C H A R S >----------------------------------

Returns a string where all of Lua's magic characters have been escaped.  This is important because functions like
string.gsub() treat their pattern and replace strings as patterns, not literal strings.
]]

local function escape_lua_magic_chars (argument)
	argument = argument:gsub("%%", "%%%%");										-- replace % with %%
	argument = argument:gsub("([%^%$%(%)%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])", "%%%1");				-- replace all other Lua magic pattern characters
	return argument;
end


--[[--------------------------< G E T _ C O I N S _ P A G E S >------------------------------------------------

Extract page numbers from external wikilinks in any of the |page=, |pages=, or |at= parameters for use in COinS.

]]

local function get_coins_pages (pages)
	local pattern;
	if not is_set (pages) then return pages; end								-- if no page numbers then we're done
	
	while true do
		pattern = pages:match("%[(%w*:?//[^ ]+%s+)[%w%d].*%]");					-- pattern is the opening bracket, the URL and following space(s): "[url "
		if nil == pattern then break; end										-- no more URLs
		pattern = escape_lua_magic_chars (pattern);								-- pattern is not a literal string; escape Lua's magic pattern characters
		pages = pages:gsub(pattern, "");										-- remove as many instances of pattern as possible
	end
	pages = pages:gsub("[%[%]]", "");											-- remove the brackets
	pages = pages:gsub("–", "-" );												-- replace endashes with hyphens
	pages = pages:gsub("&%w+;", "-" );											-- and replace HTML entities (&ndash; etc.) with hyphens; do we need to replace numerical entities like &#32; and the like?
	return pages;
end


--[=[-------------------------< C O I N S _ R E P L A C E _ M A T H _ S T R I P M A R K E R >------------------

There are three options for math markup rendering that depend on the editor's math preference settings.  These
settings are at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering]] and are
	PNG images
	TeX source
	MathML with SVG or PNG fallback

All three are heavy with HTML and CSS which doesn't belong in the metadata.

Without this function, the metadata saved in the raw wikitext contained the rendering determined by the settings
of the last editor to save the page.

This function gets the rendered form of an equation according to the editor's preference before the page is saved.  It
then searches the rendering for the text equivalent of the rendered equation and replaces the rendering with that so
that the page is saved without extraneous HTML/CSS markup and with a reasonably readable text form of the equation.

When a replacement is made, this function returns true and the value with replacement; otherwise false and the initial
value.  To replace multipe equations it is necessary to call this function from within a loop.

]=]

local function coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value)
	local stripmarker = cfg.stripmarkers['math'];
	local rendering = value:match (stripmarker);								-- is there a math stripmarker

	if not rendering then														-- when value doesn't have a math stripmarker, abandon this test
		return false, value;
	end
	
	rendering = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (rendering);								-- convert stripmarker into rendered value (or nil? ''? when math render error)
	
	if rendering:match ('alt="[^"]+"') then										-- if PNG math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('alt="([^"]+)"');							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('$%s+.+%s+%$') then									-- if TeX math option; $ is legit character that is escapes as \$
		rendering = rendering:match ('$%s+(.+)%s+%$')							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('<annotation[^>]+>.+</annotation>') then			-- if MathML math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('<annotation[^>]+>(.+)</annotation>')		-- extract just the math text
	else
		return false, value;													-- had math stripmarker but not one of the three defined forms
	end
	
	return true, value:gsub (stripmarker, rendering, 1);
end


--[[--------------------------< C O I N S _ C L E A N U P >----------------------------------------------------

Cleanup parameter values for the metadata by removing or replacing invisible characters and certain HTML entities.

2015-12-10: there is a bug in mw.text.unstripNoWiki ().  It replaces math stripmarkers with the appropriate content
when it shouldn't.  See https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121085 and Wikipedia_talk:Lua#stripmarkers_and_mw.text.unstripNoWiki.28.29

TODO: move the replacement patterns and replacement values into a table in /Configuration similar to the invisible
characters table?

]]

local function coins_cleanup (value)
	local replaced = true;														-- default state to get the do loop running

	while replaced do															-- loop until all math stripmarkers replaced
		replaced, value = coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value);				-- replace math stripmarker with text representation of the equation
	end

	value = value:gsub (cfg.stripmarkers['math'], "MATH RENDER ERROR");			-- one or more couldn't be replaced; insert vague error message
	
	value = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (value);										-- replace nowiki stripmarkers with their content
	value = value:gsub ('<span class="nowrap" style="padding%-left:0%.1em;">&#39;(s?)</span>', "'%1");	-- replace {{'}} or {{'s}} with simple apostrophe or apostrophe-s
	value = value:gsub ('&nbsp;', ' ');											-- replace &nbsp; entity with plain space
	value = value:gsub ('\226\128\138', ' ');									-- replace hair space with plain space
	if not mw.ustring.find (value, cfg.indic_script) then						-- don't remove zero-width joiner characters from indic script
		value = value:gsub ('&zwj;', '');										-- remove &zwj; entities
		value = mw.ustring.gsub (value, '[\226\128\141\226\128\139\194\173]', '');	-- remove zero-width joiner, zero-width space, soft hyphen
	end
	value = value:gsub ('[\009\010\013 ]+', ' ');								-- replace horizontal tab, line feed, carriage return with plain space
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------< C O I N S >--------------------------------------------------------------------

COinS metadata (see <http://ocoins.info/>) allows automated tools to parse the citation information.

]]

local function COinS(data, class)
	if 'table' ~= type(data) or nil == next(data) then
		return '';
	end

	for k, v in pairs (data) do													-- spin through all of the metadata parameter values
		if 'ID_list' ~= k and 'Authors' ~= k then								-- except the ID_list and Author tables (author nowiki stripmarker done when Author table processed)
			data[k] = coins_cleanup (v);
		end
	end

	local ctx_ver = "Z39.88-2004";
	
	-- treat table strictly as an array with only set values.
	local OCinSoutput = setmetatable( {}, {
		__newindex = function(self, key, value)
			if is_set(value) then
				rawset( self, #self+1, table.concat{ key, '=', mw.uri.encode( remove_wiki_link( value ) ) } );
			end
		end
	});
	
	if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn', 'journal', 'news', 'magazine'}) or
		(in_array (class, {'conference', 'interview', 'map', 'press release', 'web'}) and is_set(data.Periodical)) or
		('citation' == class and is_set(data.Periodical) and not is_set (data.Encyclopedia)) then
			OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal";			-- journal metadata identifier
			if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'ssrn'}) then	-- set genre according to the type of citation template we are rendering
				OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "preprint";							-- cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite ssrn
			elseif 'conference' == class then
				OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "conference";						-- cite conference (when Periodical set)
			elseif 'web' == class then
				OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "unknown";							-- cite web (when Periodical set)
			else
				OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "article";							-- journal and other 'periodical' articles
			end
			OCinSoutput["rft.jtitle"] = data.Periodical;						-- journal only
			OCinSoutput["rft.atitle"] = data.Title;								-- 'periodical' article titles

																				-- these used only for periodicals
			OCinSoutput["rft.ssn"] = data.Season;								-- keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall
			OCinSoutput["rft.quarter"] = data.Quarter;							-- single digits 1->first quarter, etc.
			OCinSoutput["rft.chron"] = data.Chron;								-- free-form date components
			OCinSoutput["rft.volume"] = data.Volume;							-- does not apply to books
			OCinSoutput["rft.issue"] = data.Issue;
			OCinSoutput['rft.artnum'] = data.ArticleNumber;						-- {{cite journal}} only
			OCinSoutput["rft.pages"] = data.Pages;								-- also used in book metadata

	elseif 'thesis' ~= class then												-- all others except cite thesis are treated as 'book' metadata; genre distinguishes
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book";					-- book metadata identifier
		if 'report' == class or 'techreport' == class then						-- cite report and cite techreport
			OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "report";
		elseif 'conference' == class then										-- cite conference when Periodical not set
			OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "conference";
			OCinSoutput["rft.atitle"] = data.Chapter;							-- conference paper as chapter in proceedings (book)
		elseif in_array (class, {'book', 'citation', 'encyclopaedia', 'interview', 'map'}) then
			if is_set (data.Chapter) then
				OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "bookitem";
				OCinSoutput["rft.atitle"] = data.Chapter;						-- book chapter, encyclopedia article, interview in a book, or map title
			else
				if 'map' == class or 'interview' == class then
					OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = 'unknown';						-- standalone map or interview
				else
					OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = 'book';							-- book and encyclopedia
				end
			end
		else	-- {'audio-visual', 'AV-media-notes', 'DVD-notes', 'episode', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'press release', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech', 'web'}
			OCinSoutput["rft.genre"] = "unknown";
		end
		OCinSoutput["rft.btitle"] = data.Title;									-- book only
		OCinSoutput["rft.place"] = data.PublicationPlace;						-- book only
		OCinSoutput["rft.series"] = data.Series;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput["rft.pages"] = data.Pages;									-- book, journal
		OCinSoutput["rft.edition"] = data.Edition;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput["rft.pub"] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
		
	else																		-- cite thesis
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation";			-- dissertation metadata identifier
		OCinSoutput["rft.title"] = data.Title;									-- dissertation (also patent but that is not yet supported)
		OCinSoutput["rft.degree"] = data.Degree;								-- dissertation only
		OCinSoutput['rft.inst'] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
	end
	-- NB. Not currently supported are "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:patent", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dc", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:sch_svc", "info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx"
																				-- and now common parameters (as much as possible)
	OCinSoutput["rft.date"] = data.Date;										-- book, journal, dissertation

	for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do										-- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
		if k == 'ISBN' then v = v:gsub( "[^-0-9X]", "" ); end
		local id = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
		if string.sub( id or "", 1, 4 ) == 'info' then							-- for ids that are in the info:registry
			OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ id, "/", v };
		elseif string.sub (id or "", 1, 3 ) == 'rft' then						-- for isbn, issn, eissn, etc. that have defined COinS keywords
			OCinSoutput[ id ] = v;
		elseif 'url' == id then													-- for urls that are assembled in ~/Identifiers; |asin= and |ol=
			OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat ({data.ID_list[k], "#id-name=", cfg.id_handlers[k].label});
		elseif id then															-- when cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS is not nil so urls created here
			OCinSoutput["rft_id"] = table.concat{ cfg.id_handlers[k].prefix, v, cfg.id_handlers[k].suffix or '', "#id-name=", cfg.id_handlers[k].label };	-- others; provide a URL and indicate identifier name as #fragment (human-readable, but transparent to browsers)
		end
	end

	local last, first;
	for k, v in ipairs( data.Authors ) do
		last, first = coins_cleanup (v.last), coins_cleanup (v.first or '');	-- replace any nowiki stripmarkers, non-printing or invisible characters
		if k == 1 then															-- for the first author name only
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then								-- set these COinS values if |first= and |last= specify the first author name
				OCinSoutput["rft.aulast"] = last;								-- book, journal, dissertation
				OCinSoutput["rft.aufirst"] = first;								-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then 
				OCinSoutput["rft.au"] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation -- otherwise use this form for the first name
			end
		else																	-- for all other authors
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then
				OCinSoutput["rft.au"] = table.concat{ last, ", ", first };		-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then
				OCinSoutput["rft.au"] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation
			end
			-- TODO: At present we do not report "et al.". Add anything special if this condition applies?
		end
	end

	OCinSoutput.rft_id = data.URL;
	OCinSoutput.rfr_id = table.concat{ "info:sid/", mw.site.server:match( "[^/]*$" ), ":", data.RawPage };

	-- TODO: Add optional extra info:
	-- rfr_dat=#REVISION<version> (referrer private data)
	-- ctx_id=<data.RawPage>#<ref> (identifier for the context object)
	-- ctx_tim=<ts> (timestamp in format yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssTZD or yyyy-mm-dd)
	-- ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8 (character encoding)
	
	OCinSoutput = setmetatable( OCinSoutput, nil );

	-- sort with version string always first, and combine.
	-- table.sort( OCinSoutput );
	table.insert( OCinSoutput, 1, "ctx_ver=" .. ctx_ver ); -- such as "Z39.88-2004"
	return table.concat(OCinSoutput, "&");
end


--[[--------------------------< S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S >--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table and imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;

	has_accept_as_written = utilities_page_ptr.has_accept_as_written;			-- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	remove_wiki_link = utilities_page_ptr.remove_wiki_link;
	strip_apostrophe_markup = utilities_page_ptr.strip_apostrophe_markup;
end


--[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	make_coins_title = make_coins_title,
	get_coins_pages = get_coins_pages,
	COinS = COinS,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	}